BarbriSFCourseDetails

Course Details

This CLE course will review the continued efforts by the ABA and many state bars to regulate against "harassment" and "discrimination" in an attorney's speech or conduct, the debate over ABA Model Rule of Professional Responsibility 8.4(g), and when a state can legitimately regulate an attorney's speech related to the practice of law.

Faculty

Description

In 2016, the ABA proposed Model Rule 8.4(g), which makes it professional misconduct to "engage in conduct that the lawyer knows or reasonably should know is harassment or discrimination based on race, sex, religion, national origin, ethnicity, disability, age, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital status or socioeconomic status in conduct related to the practice of law." ABA Model Rule 8.4(g).

The rule utilizes a broad definition of "conduct related to the practice of law," which includes not only "representing clients; interacting with witnesses" and other in court activities, but also "participating in bar association, business, or social activities in connection with the practice of law." Id. Comment 4.

The ABA ethics committee issued an opinion in 2020 narrowly interpreting Rule 8.4(g) to exclude comments on "issues of public concern" and suggesting that the rule applies only where comments are directed at specific persons.

Only Vermont adopted Rule 8.4(g) wholesale. Pennsylvania and Connecticut have adopted versions of the rule, and pre-enforcement challenger to the Pennsylvania rule was found to lack standing by the Third Circuit. A petition for writ of certiorari has been filed in that case.  There is currently pending a challenge to Connecticut's rule before the Second Circuit that was argued last fall.

There is a proposal pending in the Illinois Supreme Court Rules Committee to adopt a version of the rule.

In the meantime, other states, like Hawai'i have adopted rules that do not resemble Rule 8.4(g) other than to specifically target sexual harassment in the practice of law. Still other states like New York have adopted more narrow rules with specific protections for Constitutionally protected speech.

Listen as this panel of First Amendment experts discusses the regulation of attorney speech, the legality of Model Rule 8.4(g), and what Greenberg v. Haggerty teaches going forward.

Outline

  1. Regulation of lawyer speech
  2. History of Rule 8.4(g)
  3. Constitutional concerns under Rule 8.4(g)
    1. Due process
    2. First Amendment free expression
    3. Freedom of association and religion
    4. Vagueness
  4. Understanding when speech or conduct is or is not "related to the practice of law"
    1. NIFLA and the regulation of occupational speech
    2. Commercial issues
    3. Political speech
  5. Comparison between use of Rule 8.4(d) and Rule 8.4(g)
  6. Greenberg v. Lehocky – 3rd Circuit decision and petition for writ of certiorari
  7. Cerame v. Bowler – 2nd Circuit oral argument
  8. Proposal to the Illinois Supreme Court Rules Committee to amend Illinois Rule of Professional Conduct Rule 8.4(j)

Benefits

The panel will review these and other key issues:

  • What is the difference between regulating conduct and speech in light of the Supreme Court's decision in NIFLA v. Becerra, 138 S. Ct. 2361 (2018) and other Supreme Court precedent?
  • What do critical terms in Model Rule 8.4(g) mean?
  • Did the ABA 2020 Ethics Committee comments make any difference in the scope or constitutionality of the model rule?
  • What are the First Amendment concerns that Model Rule 8.4(g) raises?
  • How the rule might be revised to obtain its goals